Supreme Court : Clarifies Rules on Old Vehicles in Delhi Emission Standards Take Priority
Supreme Court: Delhi-NCR continues to struggle with severe air pollution, especially during winter months. Rising vehicular emissions have been identified as one of the major contributors to this crisis. In this backdrop, the Supreme Court of India has issued an important clarification regarding action against old vehicles operating in Delhi-NCR. The focus has now clearly shifted from vehicle age alone to emission compliance, bringing new implications for vehicle owners.
Background of the Supreme Court Decision
The matter came before a bench headed by Chief Justice of India Surya Kant, along with Justices Joymalya Bagchi and Vipul Pancholi. The court was reviewing its earlier directions related to end-of-life vehicles in the Delhi-NCR region. The Delhi government raised concerns that older vehicles, especially those running on outdated emission standards, were significantly worsening air quality levels. After considering these arguments, the court decided to modify its earlier order issued on August 12.
What Has Changed in the Latest Order
The Supreme Court has now allowed authorities to take action against vehicles that do not meet BS-IV emission norms, regardless of whether they fall within earlier age-related exemptions. This means that vehicles operating on BS-III or older emission standards can now face enforcement measures in Delhi-NCR.
Earlier, diesel vehicles older than 10 years and petrol vehicles older than 15 years were the primary targets of enforcement. However, under the revised direction, even vehicles within these age limits can be acted against if they do not meet the minimum BS-IV emission requirement.
Focus on Emission Standards Over Vehicle Age
A key takeaway from the ruling is that emission standards are now the decisive factor. Vehicles that comply with BS-IV or higher norms are protected from action purely on the basis of age. On the other hand, vehicles running on pre-BS IV standards are considered more polluting and are no longer eligible for blanket protection.
This approach aligns with the broader goal of reducing harmful emissions rather than relying solely on the manufacturing year of a vehicle.
Arguments Presented by the Delhi Government
The Delhi government, represented by Additional Solicitor General Aishwarya Bhati, informed the court that vehicles operating under BS-III and earlier standards have significantly inferior emission performance. These vehicles release higher levels of particulate matter and nitrogen oxides, contributing heavily to smog and respiratory health risks.
The government emphasized that continuing to allow such vehicles on the roads undermines ongoing pollution control measures and public health initiatives.
Support from the Court-Appointed Amicus Curiae
The court-appointed amicus curiae, Senior Advocate Aparajita Singh, supported the Delhi government’s position. She highlighted that BS-IV norms represented a substantial improvement over BS-III standards and were introduced specifically to reduce vehicular pollution. Her submission reinforced the need to prioritize emission performance rather than age-based exemptions.
Earlier Orders and Their Modification
In 2018, the Supreme Court had upheld an order of the National Green Tribunal banning end-of-life vehicles in Delhi-NCR. This formed the foundation for strict action against aging vehicles.
However, on August 12 of the current year, the court had temporarily directed authorities not to take coercive steps against diesel vehicles up to 10 years old and petrol vehicles up to 15 years old. This temporary relief has now been narrowed. Authorities are once again empowered to act against vehicles that fail to meet BS-IV standards, even if they are not technically end-of-life under age rules.
Additional Directions Issued by the Court
Apart from vehicle-related measures, the Supreme Court also issued other important directions aimed at reducing pollution. The court asked the National Highways Authority of India to examine the feasibility of shifting nine toll booths operated by the Municipal Corporation of Delhi to alternative locations. This step is intended to ease traffic congestion and reduce idle emissions.
The court also stressed the need for stronger public awareness campaigns. It directed authorities to involve Resident Welfare Associations and paralegal volunteers to educate citizens about pollution control measures and responsible vehicle usage.
What This Means for Vehicle Owners
Vehicle owners in Delhi-NCR need to be more aware of their vehicle’s emission compliance. Owners of BS-IV and newer vehicles can continue to operate without fear of action solely based on age. However, those using BS-III or older vehicles should be prepared for enforcement measures, including possible fines or restrictions.
Conclusion
The Supreme Court’s clarification sends a strong message that reducing pollution is a priority that cannot be compromised. By shifting the focus to emission standards, the court has reinforced the principle that cleaner technology must replace outdated and more polluting engines. For Delhi-NCR residents, this decision underscores the urgent need to transition towards cleaner vehicles and adopt sustainable transport practices.